Evaluation of the microstructure, chemical composition, and image quality of different PSP receptors

Abstract This study aimed to assess the microstructure, chemical composition, and image quality of different photostimulable phosphor plates (PSP). Four PSP systems, Express®, Digora®, VistaScan®, and Apixia,® were assessed. Five radiographs of a homogeneous acrylic phantom were obtained with the PSP of each system, to acquire a total of 20 images. The images were objectively evaluated for uniformity using mean grey and standard deviation (SD) of their grey values. PSP receptors were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine the thickness of the granule layer and the size of the granules. The chemical composition of the PSP receptors was analyzed using total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). VistaScan showed more uniform and higher density images than the other tested systems (p < 0.05), as well as the lowest SD of grey values (p < 0.05). Regarding the microstructure of the receptors, Digora and VistaScan had thicker granule layers than Express and Apixia, and VistaScan had smaller granules than Digora and Express (p < 0.05). Fourteen chemical elements were detected in the receptors, with barium being the element with the highest concentration in all PSP systems. The microstructure, chemical composition, and image quality varied among all four PSP receptors studied. VistaScan receptors showed the smallest variation in granule size, one of the thickest granule layers, and the most uniform and least noisy images.

The fundaments of CBCT and its use for evaluation of paranasal sinuses: review of literature

Image methods such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT) and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) are powerful tools to help clinicians on diagnosis and preoperative planning. They provide an accurate view of regional anatomy, anatomical variations and the presence of diseases. Compared to CT, CBCT produces images with adequate spatial resolution with smaller fields of view at lower radiation doses. It has emerged as a potential alternative for obtaining 3D evaluation of the paranasal sinus at relatively modest costs. The aim of this review was to verify whether CBCT images offer an additional value to the evaluation of paranasal sinus

Racionalización de la dosis de radiación / Streamlining the radiation dose

En la actualidad existe una gran aceptación por la medicina y la odontología, en que la práctica clínica debe ser ôbasada en evidencia científicaõ, tanto como sea posible. Es por eso que múltiples trabajos se han publicado orientados a disminuir las dosis de radiación en los diferentes tipos de modalidades imaginológicas usados en la odontología, ya que el mayor efecto de las radiaciones, sobre todo en niños, nos obliga a tomar medidas necesarias para racionalizar su uso, especialmente con la tomografía computarizada Cone Beam (TCCB), método que aporta las mayores dosis en la odontología. Esta revisión fue escrita utilizando un enfoque de este tipo con el propósito de racionalizar la dosis de radiación en nuestros pacientes. El equipo del proyecto SEDENTEXCT recopiló y analizó relevantes publicaciones en la literatura, pautas que han demostrado su eficacia en el pasado, para llegar a formular recomendaciones que contribuyan a la optimización del uso de las radiaciones ionizantes en la odontología, ayudando de esa manera a ver con otros ojos la dosis recibida por los pacientes, y con la presente se recomienda tener en cuenta dicho documento para poder prescribir de manera más adecuada los exámenes complementarios que usamos diariamente...

There is now wide acceptance in medicine and dentistry that clinical practice should be as ôevidence-basedõ as possible. Which is why many works have been published aimed at reducing radiation doses in different types of imaging modalities in dentistry, and that the major effect of radiation especially in children requires us to take necessary steps to rationalize their use especially the Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) method that provides the highest doses in dentistry. This review was written using this approach because of the purpose of streamlining the radiation dose in our patients. SEDENTEXCT team collected and analyzed relevant publications in the literature, guidelines that have proven effective in the past to reach recommendations, which can contribute to optimizing the use of ionizing radiation in dentistry, helping to see with others eyes the dose received by our patients. This paper recommend to consider the SEDENTEXCT project to prescribe more appropriately complementary exams we use daily...

Comparison of distance and symmetry in the mental foramen obtained in situ and in radiographic images of Brazilians / Comparação da distância e simetria dos forames mentonianos obtidos em loco e em imagens radiográficas na população brasileira

The precise location of the mental foramina is of paramount importance when using implantology to carry out oral rehabilitation procedures not affecting crucial anatomic structures. Panoramic radiography has become the imaging method of choice in many of these cases because of its lower cost and the fact that with it a general assessment of the maxillofacial complex can be made. This study set out to evaluate the distance between the mental foramina and the relationship between them and the mandibular base, and the posterior border of the mandible ramus, as well as the relationship between the bilateral mandibular foramina. The morphometric procedures were carried out by three examiners experienced in Dental Radiology, firstly on 58 human mandibles, with the aid of digital calipers and then on the respective panoramic radiographs of the mandibles, with Image J software, with and without the aid of artificial markers for delimitating the areas of interest. Using Friedman's statistical analysis, there were statistically significant differences between various measurements analyzed and compared to the gold standard, which points to the need to use more accurate imaging tests.

A localização precisa do forame mentoniano tornou-se uma necessidade premente para a execução de procedimentos de reabilitações orais, empregando a implantodontia, que não afetem estruturas anatômicas importantes, sendo a radiografia panorâmica o método de imagem de escolha em muitos desses casos por ter baixo custo e pela possibilidade de avaliação geral do complexo maxilo facial. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a distância entre os forames mentonianos e a sua relação com a base mandibular, borda posterior do ramo da mandíbula e a relação entre os forames mandibulares bilateralmente. As morfometrias foram realizadas por três experientes avaliadores em Radiologia Odontológica, primeiramente em 58 mandíbulas humanas, com o auxílio de paquímetro digital e depois nas respectivas radiografias panorâmicas das mandíbulas, com o software Image J, com e sem o auxílio de marcadores artificiais para delimitação das áreas de interesse. Por meio da utilização da análise estatística de Friedman, observaram-se diferenças estatísticas significativas em diversas medidas analisadas, quando comparadas ao padrão ouro, fato que demonstra a necessidade da utilização de exames por imagem mais precisos.

Diagnóstico diferencial de cartilagem tritícea calcificada com doença ateroesclerótica- ateroma / Differential diagnosis of cartilage tritici and calcified atherosclerotic disease - atheroma

A radiografia panorâmica continua sendo o exame mais solicitado pelo cirurgião dentista. Com certa frequência, o Radiologista pode observar a presença de imagens radiopacas localizadas em áreas de tecido mole. Dentre tantas estruturas anatômicas e entidades patológica que fornecem tais imagens, a imagem de um ateroma, calcificação na artéria carótida, e dascartilagens tritíceas, localizadas nos ligamentos tireohioideos, fornecem imagens na radiografia panorâmica muito semelhante quanto ao tamanho, à forma, à radiopacidade e, principalmente,à localização, região do pescoço no espaço intervertebral C3 e C4. Com base na literatura e ocorrência de casos nas Clínicas de Radiologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba- UNICAMP e Faculdade de Odontologia da PUC-Minas, o objetivo deste trabalho é elucidar os profissionais no procedimento de diagnóstico dessas condições, permitindo identificar pacientes de risco em desenvolver doença encéfalo vascular.

Panoramic radiography remains the most requested examination by a dentist. Not infrequently, the radiologist can observe the presence of radiopaque images located in areas of soft tissue. Among many anatomical and pathological entities that provide such images, the image of an atheroma, calcification inthe carotid artery, and cartilage tritici, located in the ligaments tireohioideos provide images in panoramic radiography very similarin size, shape, and the radiopacity mainly to the location, the neck intervertebral space C3 and C4. Based on the literature and the occurrence of cases in the Clinic of Radiology, Facultyof Dentistry of Piracicaba - UNICAMP and Faculty of Dentistry, PUC-Minas, the aim of this study is to elucidate the professional diagnostic procedure in these conditions, to identify patients a trisk develop brain vascular disease.

Diagnosis of invasive cervical resorption by using cone beam computed tomography: report of two cases

A radiographic interpretation is essential to the diagnosis of invasive cervical resorption (ICR) and the difficulty in distinguishing this lesion from internal root resorption has been highlighted in the literature. This paper reports the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the diagnosis of ICR. The cases reports describe how CBCT can be used to make a differential diagnosis and also show that the use of this technology can provide relevant information on the location and nature of root resorption, which conventional radiographs cannot. As a result, the root canal treatment was not initially considered. The patients will be monitored and will undergo a scan after a short period of time to detect any small changes. It was observed that both cases benefited from CBCT in the diagnosis of ICR, because this imaging modality determined the real extent of resorption and possible points of communication with the periodontal space.

A interpretação radiográfica é essencial para o diagnóstico da reabsorção cervical invasiva (RCI) e a dificuldade em distingui-la da reabsorção radicular interna tem sido destacada na literatura. Este trabalho relata o uso da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) no diagnóstico da RCI. Os casos descrevem como a TCFC pode ser utilizada no diagnóstico diferencial e relatam também como esta tecnologia pode providenciar relevantes informações sobre a localização e natureza das reabsorções radiculares, limitadas pelas radiografias convencionais. Como resultado, o tratamento do canal radicular não foi inicialmente considerado. Os pacientes serão acompanhados e após curto período de tempo novos exames tomográficos serão realizados no intuito de detectar pequenas alterações. Observa-se que ambos os casos beneficiaram-se com o uso da TCFC no diagnóstico de RCI, pois esta modalidade de imagem determinou a real extensão da reabsorção e possíveis pontos de comunicação com o espaço periodontal.